While I am not sure what is actual problem in your case, I would like to address couple of issues.
1. You can just replace the server settings for the account that is created as an IMAP account with the POP3 server information.
So, what you've tried to do predictably results in an error:
Note: when I change imap-mail.outlook.com into po-mail.outlook.com it takes minutes to refresh and eventually results into an error.
2.
on my tablet
...
outgoing mail: smtp-mail.outlook.com port 587, STARTTLS (strict check) - override when on WiFi DISabled
(no idea whether or not to tag that, don't know what it is used for, I tagged it as a try, but it doesn't make any difference)
My general recommendation with Aquamail: It has
numerous configuration options. But it has very reasonable default settings. (And both are the strengths of this app.)
So, unless you know what the specific option does, it is best to configure the absolute minimum of options.
Spefically for this "override when on WiFi", - unless you need to use a different SMTP server when you are connected to WiFi, leave that option unchecked (disabled).
Re: "Persistent incoming server network errors"
This is not a specific error, but it is the notification for the app having problems connecting to the incoming server. Different reasons for the problem can cause connection problems, and all they will eventually produce this notification.
Whether PUSH for IMAP is enabled or disabled, it doesn't matter.
The symptoms you've described could be caused by several different problems:
1. Incorrectly entered server information or login credentials (such as a typo).
2. Some problems on the provider's server (outlook.com).
3. Network problems, when due to something happening with your network, your Android (the OS itself) cannot resolve the server or to connect to it. For example, I've seen people from various parts of the US (California, Southern states, ..) reporting intermittent problems with the DNS (name server) lookups from Suddenlink (one of the major ISPs) DNS servers.
You can check how your device works on a different network.
HTH.
Kostya, Aquamail sole developer, will probably have more ideas.