Interestingly, Apple Mail uses the local machine name ie. [localhost.localdomain] and also adds an X-Mailer header, which together are arguably a more useful data leak...
A private IP address is less to be concerned about since it isn't routable and others' assumption will be that it is dynamically assigned via DHCP, although it does still give an idea of network setup.
The thing about the RFC is that some SMTP servers are configured to reject an invalid HELO or EHLO.
With webmail, there is no local client, as such.
I'm not aware that any config option is exposed by Aqua Mail.
FairEmail does give a choice to "Use local IP address instead of host name" and also provides a dummy hostname of dummy.faircode.eu -- although that is basically the equivalent of adding X-Mailer as well. Of course, you could compile your own version of FairEmail which went completely off piste at your own risk... Depends how big of an issue it is for you.
But Aqua Mail's approach is a not unreasonable implementation choice.