"-dev" builds are those that have new stuff, as part of my process to go from actual development to releasing on Google Play:
- add new stuff
- post here with a new "base" version number and a "-dev" suffix
...
- post to Google Play, available only via Google+ "beta" group
...
- start posting to Google Play for "everyone", but starting at 5% or 10% of devices (randomly picked by Google)
...
- increase the percentage, fix stuff, increase, fix, until reaching 100%
And then back to first step.
Now this section here also has "stable" builds, those without the "-dev" suffix. Those are versions that are based on a version that previously reached 100% for everyone in Play, and then has bug fixes on top of that, no new stuff or major changes.