Thanks for your input, it's beginning to make more sense now. :-)
However, there are still a few issues I don't understand.
1) My email account definitely is, and was, using IMAP. Why then did the «delete on exit» work? Is it possible that I could have configured my IMAP to ACT as a POP account?
2) Manually tapping «purge deleted» still deletes mails server-side. Is it the intended behaviour of AquaMail that for IMAP, the manual purge action works, whereas the automatic action doesn't?
3) What is the correct way to set AquaMail up if I want to use it with IMAP and have mails I permanently delete from the app also be deleted from the server? Ideally, this should happen in a two-step process, first moving a mail I want to delete to a trash folder, and then deleting it from the trash folder and the server simultaneously?
To clarify, I don't need AquaMail to delete remote folders, I just need it to delete from the server those mails I have moved into the deleted folder using AquaMail.
Thanks!